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Annex I – Nuclear-related measures
A. GENERAL
1. The sequence of implementation of the commitments detailed in this Annex is specified
in Annex V to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). Unless otherwise
specified, the durations of the commitments in this Annex are from Implementation Day.
B. ARAK HEAVY WATER RESEARCH REACTOR
2. Iran will modernise the Arak heavy water research reactor to support peaceful nuclear
research and radioisotopes production for medical and industrial purposes. Iran will
redesign and rebuild the reactor, based on the agreed conceptual design (as attached
to this Annex) to support its peaceful nuclear research and production needs and
purposes, including testing of fuel pins and assembly prototypes and structural
materials. The design will be such as to minimise the production of plutonium and not to
produce weapon-grade plutonium in normal operation. The power of the redesigned
reactor will not exceed 20 MWth. The E3/EU+3 and Iran share the understanding that
the parameters in the conceptual design are subject to possible and necessary
adjustments in developing the final design while fully preserving the above-mentioned
purposes and principles of modernisation.
3. Iran will not pursue construction at the existing unfinished reactor based on its original
design and will remove the existing calandria and retain it in Iran. The calandria will be
made inoperable by filling any openings in the calandria with concrete such that the
IAEA can verify that it will not be usable for a future nuclear application. In redesigning
and reconstructing of the modernized Arak heavy water research reactor, Iran will
maximise the use of existing infrastructure already installed at the current Arak research
reactor.
4. Iran will take the leadership role as the owner and as the project manager, and have
responsibility for overall implementation of the Arak modernisation project, with
E3/EU+3 participants assuming responsibilities regarding the modernisation of the Arak
reactor as described in this Annex. A Working Group composed of E3/EU+3
participants will be established to facilitate the redesigning and rebuilding of the
reactor. An international partnership composed of Iran and the Working Group would
implement the Arak modernisation project. The Working Group could be enlarged to
include other countries by consensus of the participants of the Working Group and
Iran. E3/EU+3 participants and Iran will conclude an official document expressing their
strong commitments to the Arak modernisation project in advance of Implementation
Day which would provide an assured path forward to modernise the reactor and would
define the responsibilities assumed by the E3/EU+3 participants, and subsequently
contracts would be concluded. The participants of the Working Group will provide
assistance needed by Iran for redesigning and rebuilding the reactor, consistent with
their respective national laws, in such a manner as to enable the safe and timely
construction and commissioning of the modernised reactor.
5. Iran and the Working Group will cooperate to develop the final design of the
modernised reactor and the design of the subsidiary laboratories to be carried out by
Iran, and review conformity with international safety standards, such that the reactor
can be licensed by the relevant Iranian regulatory authority for commissioning and
operation. The final design of the modernised reactor and the design of the subsidiary
laboratories will be submitted to the Joint Commission. The Joint Commission will aim
to complete its review and endorsement within three months after the submission of the
final design. If the Joint Commission does not complete its review and endorsement
within three months, Iran could raise the issue through the dispute resolution
mechanism envisaged by this JCPOA.
6. The IAEA will monitor the construction and report to the Working Group for
confirmation that the construction of the modernised reactor is consistent with the
approved final design.
7. As the project manager, Iran will take responsibility for the construction efforts.
E3/EU+3 parties will, consistent with their national laws, take appropriate administrative,
legal, technical, and regulatory measures to support co-operation.
E3/EU+3 parties will support the purchase by Iran, the transfer and supply of
necessary materials, equipment, instrumentation and control systems and
technologies required for the construction of the redesigned reactor, through the
mechanism established by this JCPOA, as well as through exploration of relevant
funding contributions.
8. E3/EU+3 parties will also support and facilitate the timely and safe construction of the
modernized Arak reactor and its subsidiary laboratories, upon request by Iran, through
IAEA technical cooperation if appropriate, including but not limited to technical and
financial assistance, supply of required materials and equipment, state-of-the-art
instrumentation and control systems and equipment and support for licensing and
authorization.
9. The redesigned reactor will use up to 3.67 percent enriched uranium in the form of UO2
with a mass of approximately 350 kg of UO2 in a full core load, with a fuel design to be
reviewed and approved by the Joint Commission. The international partnership with the
participation of Iran will fabricate the initial fuel core load for the reactor outside
Iran. The international partnership will cooperate with Iran, including through technical
assistance, to fabricate, test and license fuel fabrication capabilities in Iran for
subsequent fuel core reloads for future use with this reactor. Destructive and nondestructive
testing of this fuel including Post-Irradiation-Examination (PIE) will take
place in one of the participating countries outside of Iran and that country will work with
Iran to license the subsequent fuel fabricated in Iran for the use in the redesigned
reactor under IAEA monitoring.
10. Iran will not produce or test natural uranium pellets, fuel pins or fuel assemblies, which
are specifically designed for the support of the originally designed Arak reactor,
designated by the IAEA as IR-40. Iran will store under IAEA continuous monitoring all
existing natural uranium pellets and IR-40 fuel assemblies until the modernised Arak
reactor becomes operational, at which point these natural uranium pellets and IR-40
fuel assemblies will be converted to UNH, or exchanged with an equivalent quantity of
natural uranium. Iran will make the necessary technical modifications to the natural
uranium fuel production process line that was intended to supply fuel for the IR-40
reactor design, such that it can be used for the fabrication of the fuel reloads for the
modernised Arak reactor.
11. All spent fuel from the redesigned Arak reactor, regardless of its origin, for the lifetime of
the reactor, will be shipped out of Iran to a mutually determined location in E3/EU+3
countries or third countries, for further treatment or disposition as provided for in
relevant contracts to be concluded, consistent with national laws, with the recipient
party, within one year from the unloading from the reactor or whenever deemed to be
safe for transfer by the recipient country.
12. Iran will submit the DIQ of the redesigned reactor to the IAEA which will include
information on the planned radio-isotope production and reactor operation programme.
The reactor will be operated under IAEA monitoring.
13. Iran will operate the Fuel Manufacturing Plant only to produce fuel assemblies for light
water reactors and reloads for the modernized Arak reactor.
C. HEAVY WATER PRODUCTION PLANT
14. All excess heavy water which is beyond Iran's needs for the modernised Arak research
reactor, the Zero power heavy water reactor, quantities needed for medical research
and production of deuterate solutions and chemical compounds including, where
appropriate, contingency stocks, will be made available for export to the international
market based on international prices and delivered to the international buyer for 15
years. Iran's needs, consistent with the parameters above, are estimated to be 130
metric tonnes of nuclear grade heavy water or its equivalent in different enrichments
prior to commissioning of the modernised Arak research reactor, and 90 metric tonnes
after the commissioning, including the amount contained in the reactor.
15. Iran will inform the IAEA about the inventory and the production of the HWPP and will
allow the IAEA to monitor the quantities of the heavy water stocks and the amount of
heavy water produced, including through IAEA visits, as requested, to the HWPP.
D. OTHER REACTORS
16. Consistent with its plan, Iran will keep pace with the trend of international technological
advancement in relying only on light water for its future nuclear power and research
reactors with enhanced international cooperation including assurances of supply of
necessary fuel.
17. Iran intends to ship out all spent fuel for all future and present nuclear power and
research reactors, for further treatment or disposition as provided for in relevant
contracts to be concluded consistent with national laws with the recipient party.
E. SPENT FUEL REPROCESSING ACTIVITIES
18. For 15 years Iran will not, and does not intend to thereafter, engage in any spent fuel
reprocessing or spent fuel reprocessing R&D activities. For the purpose of this annex,
spent fuel includes all types of irradiated fuel.
19. For 15 years Iran will not, and does not intend to thereafter, reprocess spent fuel except
for irradiated enriched uranium targets for production of radio-isotopes for medical and
peaceful industrial purposes.
20. For 15 years Iran will not, and does not intend to thereafter, develop, acquire or build
facilities capable of separation of plutonium, uranium or neptunium from spent fuel or
from fertile targets, other than for production of radio-isotopes for medical and peaceful
industrial purposes.
21. For 15 years, Iran will only develop, acquire, build, or operate hot cells (containing a cell
or interconnected cells), shielded cells or shielded glove boxes with dimensions less
than 6 cubic meters in volume compatible with the specifications set out in Annex I of
the Additional Protocol. These will be co-located with the modernised Arak research
reactor, the Tehran Research Reactor, and radio-medicine production complexes, and
only capable of the separation and processing of industrial or medical isotopes and
non-destructive PIE. The needed equipment will be acquired through the procurement
mechanism established by this JCPOA. For 15 years, Iran will develop, acquire, build, or
operate hot cells (containing a cell or interconnected cells), shielded cells or shielded
glove boxes with dimensions beyond 6 cubic meters in volume and specifications set
out in Annex I of the Additional Protocol, only after approval by the Joint Commission.
22. The E3/EU+3 are ready to facilitate all of the destructive and non-destructive
examinations on fuel elements and/or fuel assembly prototypes including PIE for all fuel
fabricated in or outside Iran and irradiated in Iran, using their existing facilities outside
Iran. Except for the Arak research reactor complex, Iran will not develop, build, acquire
or operate hot cells capable of performing PIE or seek to acquire equipment to
build/develop such a capability, for 15 years.
23. For 15 years, in addition to continuing current fuel testing activities at the TRR, Iran will
undertake non-destructive post irradiation examination (PIE) of fuel pins, fuel assembly
prototypes and structural materials. These examinations will be exclusively at the Arak
research reactor complex. However, the E3/EU+3 will make available their facilities to
conduct destructive testing with Iranian specialists, as agreed. The hot cells at the Arak
research reactor in which non-destructive PIE are performed will not be physically
interconnected to cells that process or handle materials for the production of medical or
industrial radioisotopes.
24. For 15 years, Iran will not engage in producing or acquiring plutonium or uranium metals
or their alloys, or conducting R&D on plutonium or uranium (or their alloys) metallurgy,
or casting, forming, or machining plutonium or uranium metal.
25. Iran will not produce, seek, or acquire separated plutonium, highly enriched uranium
(defined as 20% or greater uranium-235), or uranium-233, or neptunium-237 (except for
use as laboratory standards or in instruments using neptunium-237) for 15 years.
26. If Iran seeks to initiate R&D on uranium metal based TRR fuel in small agreed quantities
after 10 years and before 15 years, Iran will present its plan to, and seek approval by,
the Joint Commission.
F. ENRICHMENT CAPACITY
27. Iran will keep its enrichment capacity at no more than 5060 IR-1 centrifuge machines in
no more than 30 cascades in their current configurations in currently operating units at
the Natanz Fuel Enrichment Plant (FEP) for 10 years.
28. Iran will keep its level of uranium enrichment at up to 3.67 percent for 15 years.
29. Iran will remove the following excess centrifuges and infrastructure not associated with
5060 IR-1 centrifuges in FEP, which will be stored at Natanz in Hall B of FEP under
IAEA continuous monitoring:
29. All excess centrifuge machines, including IR-2m centrifuges. Excess IR-1 centrifuges
will be used for the replacement of failed or damaged centrifuges of the same type on a
one-for-one basis.
29. UF6 pipework including sub headers, valves and pressure transducers at cascade level,
and frequency inverters, and UF6 withdrawal equipment from one of the withdrawal
stations, which is currently not in service, including its vacuum pumps and chemical
traps.
30. For the purpose of this Annex, the IAEA will confirm through the established practice
the failed or damaged status of centrifuge machines before removal.
31. For 15 years, Iran will install gas centrifuge machines, or enrichment-related
infrastructure, whether suitable for uranium enrichment, research and development, or
stable isotope enrichment, exclusively at the locations and for the activities specified
under this JCPOA.
G. CENTRIFUGES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
32. Iran will continue to conduct enrichment R&D in a manner that does not accumulate
enriched uranium. For 10 years and consistent with its enrichment R&D plan, Iran's
enrichment R&D with uranium will only include IR-4, IR-5, IR-6 and IR-8 centrifuges.
Mechanical testing on up to two single centrifuges for each type will be carried out only
on the IR-2m, IR-4, IR-5, IR-6, IR-6s, IR-7 and IR-8. Iran will build or test, with or
without uranium, only those gas centrifuges specified in this JCPOA.
33. Consistent with its plan, Iran will continue working with the 164-machine IR-2m cascade
at PFEP in order to complete the necessary tests until 30 November 2015 or the day of
implementation of this JCPOA, whichever comes later, and after that it will take these
machines out of the PFEP and store them under IAEA continuous monitoring at Natanz
in Hall B of FEP.
34. Consistent with its plan, Iran will continue working with the 164-machine IR-4 cascade
at PFEP in order to complete the necessary tests until 30 November 2015 or the day of
implementation of this JCPOA, whichever comes later, and after that it will take these
machines out of the PFEP and store them under IAEA continuous monitoring at Natanz
in Hall B of FEP.
35. Iran will continue the testing of a single IR-4 centrifuge machine and IR-4 centrifuge
cascade of up to 10 centrifuge machines for 10 years.
36. Iran will test a single IR-5 centrifuge machine for 10 years.
37. Iran will continue testing of the IR-6 on single centrifuge machines and its intermediate
cascades and will commence testing of up to 30 centrifuge machines from one and a
half years before the end of year 10. Iran will proceed from single centrifuge machines
and small cascades to intermediate cascades in a logical sequence.
38. Iran will commence, upon start of implementation of the JCPOA, testing of the IR-8 on
single centrifuge machines and its intermediate cascades and will commence the
testing of up to 30 centrifuges machines from one and a half years before the end of
year 10. Iran will proceed from single centrifuges to small cascades to intermediate
cascades in a logical sequence.
39. For 10 years, Iran, consistent with the established practice, will recombine the enriched
and depleted streams from the IR-6 and IR-8 cascades through the use of welded
pipework on withdrawal main headers in a manner that precludes the withdrawal of
enriched and depleted uranium materials and verified by the IAEA.
40. For 15 years, Iran will conduct all testing of centrifuges with uranium only at the PFEP.
Iran will conduct all mechanical testing of centrifuges only at the PFEP and the Tehran
Research Centre.
41. For the purpose of adapting PFEP to the R&D activities in the enrichment and
enrichment R&D plan, Iran will remove all centrifuges except those needed for testing as
described in the relevant paragraphs above, except for the IR-1 cascade (No. 1) as
described below. For the full IR-1 cascade (No. 6), Iran will modify associated
infrastructure by removing UF6 pipework, including sub-headers, valves and pressure
transducers at cascade level, and frequency inverters. The IR-1 cascade (No. 1)
centrifuges will be kept but made inoperable, as verified by the IAEA, through the
removal of centrifuge rotors and the injection of epoxy resin into the sub headers,
feeding, product, and tails pipework, and the removal of controls and electrical systems
for vacuum, power and cooling. Excess centrifuges and infrastructure will be stored at
Natanz in Hall B of FEP under IAEA continuous monitoring. The R&D space in line No. 6
will be left empty until Iran needs to use it for its R&D programme.
42. Consistent with the activities in the enrichment and enrichment R&D plan, Iran will
maintain the cascade infrastructure for testing of single centrifuges and small and
intermediate cascades in two R&D lines (No. 2 and No. 3) and will adapt two other lines
(No. 4 and No. 5) with infrastructure similar to that for lines No. 2 and No. 3 in order to
enable future R&D activities as specified in this JCPoA. Adaptation will include
modification of all UF6 pipework (including removal of all sub headers except as agreed
as needed for the R&D programme) and associated instrumentation to be compatible
with single centrifuges and small and intermediate cascade testing instead of full scale
testing.
43. Consistent with its plan and internationally established practices, Iran intends to
continue R&D on new types of centrifuges through computer modelling and simulations,
including at universities. For any such project to proceed to a prototype stage for
mechanical testing within 10 years, a full presentation to, and approval by, the Joint
Commission is needed.
H. FORDOW FUEL ENRICHMENT PLANT
44. The Fordow Fuel Enrichment Plant (FFEP) will be converted into a nuclear, physics, and
technology centre and international collaboration will be encouraged in agreed areas of
research. The Joint Commission will be informed in advance of the specific projects that
will be undertaken at Fordow.
45. Iran will not conduct any uranium enrichment or any uranium enrichment related R&D
and will have no nuclear material at the Fordow Fuel Enrichment Plant (FFEP) for 15
years.
46. For 15 years, Iran will maintain no more than 1044 IR-1 centrifuge machines at one wing
of the FFEP of which:
46. Two cascades that have not experienced UF6 before will be modified for the production
of stable isotopes. The transition to stable isotope production of these cascades at
FFEP will be conducted in joint partnership between the Russian Federation and Iran on
the basis of arrangements to be mutually agreed upon. To prepare these two cascades
for installation of a new cascade architecture appropriate for stable isotope production
by the joint partnership, Iran will remove the connection to the UF6 feed main header,
and move cascade UF6 pipework (except for the dump line in order to maintain
vacuum) to storage in Fordow under IAEA continuous monitoring. The Joint
Commission will be informed about the conceptual framework of stable isotope
production at FFEP.
46. For four cascades with all associated infrastructure remaining except for pipework that
enables crossover tandem connections, two will be placed in an idle state, not spinning.
The other two cascades will continue to spin until the transition to stable isotope
production described in the previous subparagraph has been completed. Upon
completion of the transition to stable isotope production described in the previous
subparagraph, these two spinning cascades will be placed in an idle state, not
spinning.
47. Iran will:
47. remove the other 2 cascades of IR-1 centrifuges from this wing, by removing all
centrifuges and cascade UF6 pipework, including sub headers, valves and pressure
transducers at cascade level, and frequency inverters.
47. also subsequently remove cascade electrical cabling, individual cascade control
cabinets and vacuum pumps. All these excess centrifuges and infrastructure will be
stored at Natanz in Hall B of FEP under IAEA continuous monitoring.
48. Iran will:
48. remove all excess centrifuges and uranium enrichment related infrastructure from
the other wing of the FFEP. This will include removal of all centrifuges and UF6
pipework, including sub headers, valves and pressure gauges and transducers, and
frequency inverters and converters, and UF6 feed and withdrawal stations.
48. also subsequently remove cascade electrical cabling, individual cascade control
cabinets, vacuum pumps and centrifuge mounting blocks. All these excess centrifuges
and infrastructure will be stored at Natanz in Hall B of FEP under IAEA continuous
monitoring.
49. Centrifuges from the four idle cascades may be used for the replacement of failed or
damaged centrifuges in stable isotope production at Fordow.
50. Iran will limit its stable isotope production activities with gas centrifuges to the FFEP for
15 years and will use no more than 348 IR-1 centrifuges for these activities at the FFEP.
The associated R&D activities in Iran will occur at the FFEP and at Iran's declared and
monitored centrifuge manufacturing facilities for testing, modification and balancing
these IR-1 centrifuges.
51. The IAEA will establish a baseline for the amount of uranium legacy from past
enrichment operations that will remain in Fordow. Iran will permit the IAEA regular
access, including daily as requested by the IAEA, access to the FFEP in order to
monitor Iran's production of stable isotopes and the absence of undeclared nuclear
material and activities at the FFEP for 15 years.
I. OTHER ASPECTS OF ENRICHMENT
52. Iran will abide by its voluntary commitments as expressed in its own long term
enrichment and enrichment R&D plan to be submitted as part of the initial declaration
described in Article 2 of the Additional Protocol.[1] The IAEA will confirm on an annual
basis, for the duration of the plan that the nature and scope and scale of Iran's
enrichment and enrichment R&D activities are in line with this plan.
53. Iran will start to install necessary infrastructure for the IR-8 at Natanz in Hall B of FEP
after year 10.
54. An agreed template for describing different centrifuge types (IR-1, IR-2m, IR-4, IR-5, IR-
6, IR-6s, IR-7, IR-8) and the associated definitions need to be accomplished by
implementation day.
55. An agreed procedure for measuring IR-1, IR-2m and IR-4 centrifuge performance data
needs to be accomplished by implementation day.
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