Scorpio
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Here is detail of SAMS used by Pakistan
Ly80 (HQ-16)
The Hong Qi 16 (Red Flag 16) or HQ-16 is a Chinese medium-range air defence missile system. Its development commenced in 2005. It is based on the Soviet Shtil naval air defence system, which in turn is a version of the Buk. China obtained the Russian Shtil air defence systems from Russia for use on their Sovremenny class and Type 052B class destroyers. Development of the Chinese missile was reportedly assisted by the Russian Almaz-Antey company. The HQ-16 can be seen as a Chinese improved equivalent of the Buk. The HQ-16 reached operational capability with the Chinese armed forces in 2011. Currently the HQ-16 is being widely used in China. Export version of this air defence system has been exported to Pakistan.
Even though HQ-16 uses Buk technology, it has some significant differences. Launchers of the Chinese SAM system are based on 6x6 high mobility truck rather than a tracked chassis. However radar is carried by another truck. Missiles are store in containers and are launched vertically.
In Chinese armed forces the HQ-16 fits the gap between the short-range HQ-7 and medium- to long range HQ-9. This air defence system is mainly used to protect stationary assets such as airfields, command posts, concentration of troops, bridges, and other important targets.
Missile of the HQ-16 evolved from the Soviet 9M38 missile, used by the Buk. However the Chinese missile is more capable than its predecessor.
The HQ-16 has a maximum range against aircraft of 40 km. It can engage cruise missiles at a range of 3.5 to 18 km. This air defence system can engage very low flying and high altitude targets. It can reach targets at an altitude of up to 18 km. Claimed hit probability of an aircraft with a single missile is 85%. Hit probability of a cruise missile is 60%.
The HQ-16 launcher is based on Taian TA5350 6x6 special wheeled chassis. The TEL carries 6 containers with missiles. Missiles are launcher vertically. Two missiles can be launched within a short period of time.
A battery of the HQ-16 consists of four launcher vehicles, command post, two radar vehicles, missile transport and reloading vehicles, power supply vehicles and so on. Most of them are based on the same 6x6 high mobility chassis.
The radar detects enemy aircraft at a range of 140 km and altitude of 20 km. The radar can detect up to 144 and track up to 48 targets simultaneously.
FM-90 (HQ-7)
The original HongQi 7 (HQ-7) short-range air defence missile system has been developed in China in the 1980s. It was a copy of the French Crotale. In 1978-1979 China imported some of the Thomson-CSF Crotale systems for evaluation and reverse engineered them. First Chinese clone was produced for testing in 1983. Its production commenced in the late 1980s. Sometimes it is referred as Sino-Crotale. Its improved variant, the HQ-7A, was introduced in 1998.
The HQ-7B is the latest version, based on an indigenous 6x6 armoured chassis. It was first revealed somewhere in 2009. This air defence system is widely used by the Chinese armed forces. It is also being proposed for export customers as the FM-90. This air defence system has been exported to Pakistan.
A TELAR vehicle carries four missiles and is fitted with engagement radar. It appears that engagement radar is similar to that of the previous HQ-7A.
The missile is 3 m long and weight 84.5 kg. It has a solid fuel rocket motor. It gives the missile a maximum speed of 900 m/s and a range of 15 km. It can engage helicopters, aircraft, cruise missiles, air-to-ground missiles and anti-radiation missiles at a range of up to 15 km. Minimum range of fire is 700 m. Maximum altitude is 6 000 m. Missile has a 15 kg High-Explosive Fragmentation (HE-FRAG) warhead with contact and proximity fuses. It is claimed that a hit probability with a single shot is more than 85%.
The TELAR vehicle is operated by a crew of three. Armor of this vehicle provides protection against small arms fire and artillery shell splinters. It has improved mobility over previous versions versions, based on 4x4 chassis. Hence it is more versatile, as the original French Crotale was developed as a point defence system. It not intended to follow infantry or mechanized units, so mobility for the French designers was not priority.
Acquisition radar is based on the same 6x6 armoured chassis, as the launcher vehicle. It is more capable unit, than on the previous versions of the HQ-7. It is fitted with an S-band Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) antenna. It can detect up to 48 targets and track up to 24 targets simultaneously. Maximum detection range is 25 km. Maximum tracking range is 20 km.
It seems that a battery of HQ-7B consists of one vehicle with acquisition radar and three TELAR vehicles. Also each battery is supported by a maintenance group with 10 support vehicles.
LY-60
The LY-60 (Lie Ying, "Falcon") is a surface-to-air missile system deployed by the People's Liberation Army. It entered service among air defence units beginning in 1994 and was unveiled by the Chinese Precision Machinery Import-Export Company or CPMIEC at the International Weapons Systems Exhibition, "Defendory '94," held in Piraeus, Greece in October 1994. Capable of intercepting air targets at medium and low altitudes, it supports advanced command and control features not found in any of its Western contemporaries.
A LY-60 battery consists of a surveillance radar, three tracking/illumination radars, six Transporter / Erector / Launcher (TEL)s, and support equipment mounted on trucks. Between these systems, it can detect 40, track 12 and engage 3. Incorporating the moving target tracking processing system as well as frequency agility technology gives the missile system excellent capability in an electronic warfare environment.
The LY-60 uses semi-active radar homing with a single shot kill probability of between 60 - 70%. The missile has two pairs of fully movable front wings and four fixed tail fins with a wingspan of 680 millimeters. The wings and fins aerodynamic placement are in a X-X pattern.
The LY-60 missile consists of 4 major modules in the following order: homing, warhead, control and engine. The homing module consists of the cowling for antenna, homing system, fuse and power supply. The warhead consists of the 33 kg warhead with prefabricated shell fragments in the form of steel balls, arming circuit and safety. The control module consists of the autopilot, hydraulic system, servo system, frequency mixer for the homing module, the four movable wings, dropout plug and the forward suspension device. The engine module consists of the solid state rocket motor, four fixed tail fins, ignition plug and rear suspension device.
Specifications:
Length: 3.69 m
Diameter: 203 mm
Wingspan: 1 m
Weight: 220 kg
Warhead 33 kg
Speed: Mach 3
Maximum Flight Speed: 600 meters per second
Range Normal: 30 meters - 12000 meters
Slant: 10 meters - 18000 meters
Guidance Semi-Active Radar Homing
Ly80 (HQ-16)
The Hong Qi 16 (Red Flag 16) or HQ-16 is a Chinese medium-range air defence missile system. Its development commenced in 2005. It is based on the Soviet Shtil naval air defence system, which in turn is a version of the Buk. China obtained the Russian Shtil air defence systems from Russia for use on their Sovremenny class and Type 052B class destroyers. Development of the Chinese missile was reportedly assisted by the Russian Almaz-Antey company. The HQ-16 can be seen as a Chinese improved equivalent of the Buk. The HQ-16 reached operational capability with the Chinese armed forces in 2011. Currently the HQ-16 is being widely used in China. Export version of this air defence system has been exported to Pakistan.
Even though HQ-16 uses Buk technology, it has some significant differences. Launchers of the Chinese SAM system are based on 6x6 high mobility truck rather than a tracked chassis. However radar is carried by another truck. Missiles are store in containers and are launched vertically.
In Chinese armed forces the HQ-16 fits the gap between the short-range HQ-7 and medium- to long range HQ-9. This air defence system is mainly used to protect stationary assets such as airfields, command posts, concentration of troops, bridges, and other important targets.
Missile of the HQ-16 evolved from the Soviet 9M38 missile, used by the Buk. However the Chinese missile is more capable than its predecessor.
The HQ-16 has a maximum range against aircraft of 40 km. It can engage cruise missiles at a range of 3.5 to 18 km. This air defence system can engage very low flying and high altitude targets. It can reach targets at an altitude of up to 18 km. Claimed hit probability of an aircraft with a single missile is 85%. Hit probability of a cruise missile is 60%.
The HQ-16 launcher is based on Taian TA5350 6x6 special wheeled chassis. The TEL carries 6 containers with missiles. Missiles are launcher vertically. Two missiles can be launched within a short period of time.
A battery of the HQ-16 consists of four launcher vehicles, command post, two radar vehicles, missile transport and reloading vehicles, power supply vehicles and so on. Most of them are based on the same 6x6 high mobility chassis.
The radar detects enemy aircraft at a range of 140 km and altitude of 20 km. The radar can detect up to 144 and track up to 48 targets simultaneously.
FM-90 (HQ-7)
The original HongQi 7 (HQ-7) short-range air defence missile system has been developed in China in the 1980s. It was a copy of the French Crotale. In 1978-1979 China imported some of the Thomson-CSF Crotale systems for evaluation and reverse engineered them. First Chinese clone was produced for testing in 1983. Its production commenced in the late 1980s. Sometimes it is referred as Sino-Crotale. Its improved variant, the HQ-7A, was introduced in 1998.
The HQ-7B is the latest version, based on an indigenous 6x6 armoured chassis. It was first revealed somewhere in 2009. This air defence system is widely used by the Chinese armed forces. It is also being proposed for export customers as the FM-90. This air defence system has been exported to Pakistan.
A TELAR vehicle carries four missiles and is fitted with engagement radar. It appears that engagement radar is similar to that of the previous HQ-7A.
The missile is 3 m long and weight 84.5 kg. It has a solid fuel rocket motor. It gives the missile a maximum speed of 900 m/s and a range of 15 km. It can engage helicopters, aircraft, cruise missiles, air-to-ground missiles and anti-radiation missiles at a range of up to 15 km. Minimum range of fire is 700 m. Maximum altitude is 6 000 m. Missile has a 15 kg High-Explosive Fragmentation (HE-FRAG) warhead with contact and proximity fuses. It is claimed that a hit probability with a single shot is more than 85%.
The TELAR vehicle is operated by a crew of three. Armor of this vehicle provides protection against small arms fire and artillery shell splinters. It has improved mobility over previous versions versions, based on 4x4 chassis. Hence it is more versatile, as the original French Crotale was developed as a point defence system. It not intended to follow infantry or mechanized units, so mobility for the French designers was not priority.
Acquisition radar is based on the same 6x6 armoured chassis, as the launcher vehicle. It is more capable unit, than on the previous versions of the HQ-7. It is fitted with an S-band Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) antenna. It can detect up to 48 targets and track up to 24 targets simultaneously. Maximum detection range is 25 km. Maximum tracking range is 20 km.
It seems that a battery of HQ-7B consists of one vehicle with acquisition radar and three TELAR vehicles. Also each battery is supported by a maintenance group with 10 support vehicles.
LY-60
The LY-60 (Lie Ying, "Falcon") is a surface-to-air missile system deployed by the People's Liberation Army. It entered service among air defence units beginning in 1994 and was unveiled by the Chinese Precision Machinery Import-Export Company or CPMIEC at the International Weapons Systems Exhibition, "Defendory '94," held in Piraeus, Greece in October 1994. Capable of intercepting air targets at medium and low altitudes, it supports advanced command and control features not found in any of its Western contemporaries.
A LY-60 battery consists of a surveillance radar, three tracking/illumination radars, six Transporter / Erector / Launcher (TEL)s, and support equipment mounted on trucks. Between these systems, it can detect 40, track 12 and engage 3. Incorporating the moving target tracking processing system as well as frequency agility technology gives the missile system excellent capability in an electronic warfare environment.
The LY-60 uses semi-active radar homing with a single shot kill probability of between 60 - 70%. The missile has two pairs of fully movable front wings and four fixed tail fins with a wingspan of 680 millimeters. The wings and fins aerodynamic placement are in a X-X pattern.
The LY-60 missile consists of 4 major modules in the following order: homing, warhead, control and engine. The homing module consists of the cowling for antenna, homing system, fuse and power supply. The warhead consists of the 33 kg warhead with prefabricated shell fragments in the form of steel balls, arming circuit and safety. The control module consists of the autopilot, hydraulic system, servo system, frequency mixer for the homing module, the four movable wings, dropout plug and the forward suspension device. The engine module consists of the solid state rocket motor, four fixed tail fins, ignition plug and rear suspension device.
Specifications:
Length: 3.69 m
Diameter: 203 mm
Wingspan: 1 m
Weight: 220 kg
Warhead 33 kg
Speed: Mach 3
Maximum Flight Speed: 600 meters per second
Range Normal: 30 meters - 12000 meters
Slant: 10 meters - 18000 meters
Guidance Semi-Active Radar Homing
